Please do not hesitate to contact the Observer OPTION 5 team with questions or concerns regarding any aspect of translation.
To maintain consistency with the original version of Observer OPTION 5, translations must be protected by Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives licenses.
Observer OPTION 5 Translation Process
Translations of Observer OPTION 5 should adhere to the following process to ensure consistency among versions of the questionnaire. These guidelines are drawn from those developed by AHRQ’s CAHPS II Cultural Comparability Team(1) and are consistent with leading translation methods in the survey research field.(2) While backward translation is suggested by some sources,(3) it is not a required component of the Observer OPTION 5 translation protocol. While no guidance is provided on the required credentials of the independent translators, we encourage the selection of individuals who are suitably qualified. No specific expertise in healthcare is required.
To maintain consistency with the original version of Observer OPTION 5, translations must be protected by Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives licenses.
Observer OPTION 5 Translation Process
Translations of Observer OPTION 5 should adhere to the following process to ensure consistency among versions of the questionnaire. These guidelines are drawn from those developed by AHRQ’s CAHPS II Cultural Comparability Team(1) and are consistent with leading translation methods in the survey research field.(2) While backward translation is suggested by some sources,(3) it is not a required component of the Observer OPTION 5 translation protocol. While no guidance is provided on the required credentials of the independent translators, we encourage the selection of individuals who are suitably qualified. No specific expertise in healthcare is required.
*While no guidance is provided on the required credentials of the independent translators, we encourage the selection of individuals who are suitably qualified. No specific expertise in health care is required.
**Cognitive interviews with the target population may shape the extent to which Key Elements guidelines (below) are practicably applied to the final translation.
**Cognitive interviews with the target population may shape the extent to which Key Elements guidelines (below) are practicably applied to the final translation.
Key Elements of Observer OPTION 5 Development
Observer OPTION 5 was designed to an observer-based measure of shared decision making (SDM). The five items represent five key behaviors / steps that constitute SDM. These behaviors are derived from the teaching model called ‘the three-talk model of SDM’,(4) as well as the more foundational concepts described in collaborative deliberation model.(5)
Observer OPTION 5 was developed as a response to the use of Observer OPTION 12, a precursor measure.(6) Translations should allow for cultural adaptations needed for clarity, while prioritizing a high degree of fidelity to the original English version of the measure.
We ask that translation teams pay particular attention to the exact phrasing of Observer OPTION 5, ensuring that subsequent translations of the measure remain as closely aligned to the English version as possible.
We recommend that you read the paper published by Elwyn et al.(7) describing the development of Observer OPTION 5, as this will provide further detail regarding the rationale behind Observer OPTION 5 items. Pay attention to the manual as well, as the concepts covered by the items are explained in more detail.
References
1. Weidmer B, Hurtado M, Weech-Maldonado R, Ngo-Metzger Q, Bogen K. Guidelines for translating CAHPS Surveys. Rockville, USA: AHRQ 2006. https://cahps.ahrq.gov/Surveys- Guidance/Helpful-Resources/Resources/Guidelines_Translation.pdf (accessed 13 May 2014).
2. Survey Research Center. Guidelines for best practice in cross-cultural surveys. Ann Arbor, USA: Survey Research Center, Institute for Social Research, University of Michigan 2010. http://www.ccsg.isr.umich.edu (accessed 13 May 2014).
3. Mokkink LB, Terwee CB, Patrick DL, Alonso J, Stratford PW, Knol DL, Bouter LM, De Vet HC. The COSMIN checklist for assessing the methodological quality of studies on measurement properties of health status measurement instruments: an international Delphi study. Quality of life research. 2010 May 1;19(4):539-49.
4. Elwyn G, Durand MA, Song J, Aarts J, Barr PJ, Berger Z, Cochran N, Frosch D, Galasiński D, Gulbrandsen P, Han PK. A three-talk model for shared decision making: multistage consultation process. bmj. 2017 Nov 6;359:j4891.
5. Elwyn G, Lloyd A, May C, van der Weijden T, Stiggelbout A, Edwards A, Frosch DL, Rapley T, Barr P, Walsh T, Grande SW. Collaborative deliberation: a model for patient care. Patient Education and Counseling. 2014 Nov 1;97(2):158-64.
6. Elwyn G, Hutchings H, Edwards A, Rapport F, Wensing M, Cheung WY, Grol R. The OPTION scale: measuring the extent that clinicians involve patients in decision‐making tasks. Health Expectations. 2005 Mar;8(1):34-42.
7. Elwyn G, Tsulukidze M, Edwards A, Légaré F, Newcombe R. Using a ‘talk’ model of shared decision making to propose an observation-based measure: Observer OPTION-5 Item. Patient Education and Counseling. 2013 Nov 1;93(2):265-71.
Observer OPTION 5 was designed to an observer-based measure of shared decision making (SDM). The five items represent five key behaviors / steps that constitute SDM. These behaviors are derived from the teaching model called ‘the three-talk model of SDM’,(4) as well as the more foundational concepts described in collaborative deliberation model.(5)
Observer OPTION 5 was developed as a response to the use of Observer OPTION 12, a precursor measure.(6) Translations should allow for cultural adaptations needed for clarity, while prioritizing a high degree of fidelity to the original English version of the measure.
We ask that translation teams pay particular attention to the exact phrasing of Observer OPTION 5, ensuring that subsequent translations of the measure remain as closely aligned to the English version as possible.
We recommend that you read the paper published by Elwyn et al.(7) describing the development of Observer OPTION 5, as this will provide further detail regarding the rationale behind Observer OPTION 5 items. Pay attention to the manual as well, as the concepts covered by the items are explained in more detail.
References
1. Weidmer B, Hurtado M, Weech-Maldonado R, Ngo-Metzger Q, Bogen K. Guidelines for translating CAHPS Surveys. Rockville, USA: AHRQ 2006. https://cahps.ahrq.gov/Surveys- Guidance/Helpful-Resources/Resources/Guidelines_Translation.pdf (accessed 13 May 2014).
2. Survey Research Center. Guidelines for best practice in cross-cultural surveys. Ann Arbor, USA: Survey Research Center, Institute for Social Research, University of Michigan 2010. http://www.ccsg.isr.umich.edu (accessed 13 May 2014).
3. Mokkink LB, Terwee CB, Patrick DL, Alonso J, Stratford PW, Knol DL, Bouter LM, De Vet HC. The COSMIN checklist for assessing the methodological quality of studies on measurement properties of health status measurement instruments: an international Delphi study. Quality of life research. 2010 May 1;19(4):539-49.
4. Elwyn G, Durand MA, Song J, Aarts J, Barr PJ, Berger Z, Cochran N, Frosch D, Galasiński D, Gulbrandsen P, Han PK. A three-talk model for shared decision making: multistage consultation process. bmj. 2017 Nov 6;359:j4891.
5. Elwyn G, Lloyd A, May C, van der Weijden T, Stiggelbout A, Edwards A, Frosch DL, Rapley T, Barr P, Walsh T, Grande SW. Collaborative deliberation: a model for patient care. Patient Education and Counseling. 2014 Nov 1;97(2):158-64.
6. Elwyn G, Hutchings H, Edwards A, Rapport F, Wensing M, Cheung WY, Grol R. The OPTION scale: measuring the extent that clinicians involve patients in decision‐making tasks. Health Expectations. 2005 Mar;8(1):34-42.
7. Elwyn G, Tsulukidze M, Edwards A, Légaré F, Newcombe R. Using a ‘talk’ model of shared decision making to propose an observation-based measure: Observer OPTION-5 Item. Patient Education and Counseling. 2013 Nov 1;93(2):265-71.